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Ottawa Valley dialect : ウィキペディア英語版
Ottawa Valley dialect
Ottawa Valley dialect, the accent of which is referred to as the Ottawa Valley twang, brogue or accent, is a general term for the Canadian English varieties of the Ottawa Valley. The term has also been used as a label for the linguistic enclave within Canada who speak these dialects.〔Clarke, Sandra. (ed.) 1993. ''Focus On Canada''. Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, vii.〕 It extends along the Ottawa River, from northwest of Montreal through the city of Ottawa and north of Algonquin Park.
There are at least ten distinct varieties of English dialects spoken in the Ottawa Valley, this diversity largely due to the settlement history of the area.〔The Valley’s Diverse Cultures. http://www.ottawavalleyculture.ca/ottawa-valley-stories/culture-and-hertiage/the-valley-s-diverse-cultures-4337.html. (2014).〕 Phonetically, the Ottawa Valley twang is characterized by the lack of Canadian raising and the cot–caught merger (low-back vowel merger), two common elements of Standard Canadian English.〔Trudgill, Peter. 2006. Dialect Mixture versus Monogenesis in Colonial Varieties: The Inevitability of Canadian English. ''The Canadian Journal of Linguistics'' 51, 280.〕 In terms of syntax, the twang features the use of “for to” in place of the “to” initiative.〔Henry, Alison. 1992. Infinitives in a For-To Dialect. ''Natural Language & Linguistic Theory'' 2, 279–283.〕 Additionally, various regions of the Ottawa Valley possess their own vocabularies and features of speech as well.
The Ottawa Valley dialect pocket differs noticeably from the standard Canadian English spoken in the region's neighbouring urban areas, including Ottawa itself.〔Padolsky, Enoch and Ian Pringle. 1983. The Linguistic Survey of the Ottawa Valley. ''American Speech'' 12, 325–327.〕

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